Everyone should know how human papillomavirus is transmitted. Is this the only way to protect yourself from dangerous diseases? Often, papillomas are not particularly important. Many people believe that if there is growth on the body, it will disappear on its own. These mistakes haunt mankind, and the consequences can be undesirable.
Papilloma tissue tends to grow, leading to the spread of papillomavirus throughout the body. Sometimes its individual strains can cause cancer.
What is human papillomavirus
This virus is a chronic contagious manifestation of various diseases that can occur in humans of all ages. In medicine, this virus is of two types, one that does not carry a high risk of dangerous diseases and a high-risk virus.
The less dangerous viruses include papillomas and warts of subspecies 6 and 11, and dangerous ones - 16 and 18. It is the latter type that leads to cell changes and the development of cancer.
The papilloma virus multiplies on the skin and its mucous membranes. As a result, the following skin growth occurs:
- warts;
- condylomas;
- papillomas of the mouth and larynx;
- papillomas of internal organs.
There are many cases of papilloma being the cause of cervical cancer in women as well as male genital cancer. To avoid such consequences, it is necessary to know about the transmission routes of the disease.
How the virus enters the human body
The infection is spread through the mucous membranes or the skin of a person. If there are no acute diseases, then the papilloma does not appear in any way and no growth is formed on the surface of the skin.
If there is a growth on the skin with different colors, this indicates cancer, when the human skin and the whole body suffers from a malignant disease or immunity is significantly reduced.
"Favorite" places for bacteria to enter are cuts, scratches and other damage to the skin through which the virus penetrates.
The risk of infection increases if:
- You have a cold or other reason that your immunity is significantly reduced.
- Diagnosis of bacteria in the intestines or genitals of women. In this case, the death of a beneficial micro-organism and harmful micro-organisms will replace, in this case, papillomavirus infection in humans.
- Presence of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Recurrence of chronic diseases.
- Stress, depression, which reduces a person's protection against viruses.
Most often, those suffering from nicotine addiction and women taking birth control pills get sick.
Spreads of viruses
If a person has no symptoms, it does not mean a lack of papillomavirus. The initial stage, when there is no growth yet, can be detected with the latest tools. In medicine, there are several ways in which dangerous microorganisms are transmitted.
Both men and women can be infected with a dangerous virus. The following transfer methods are differentiated:
Sexually
This is the most common method of infection. Only one sex and papillomavirus can be transmitted from an infected person to a healthy person. It does not matter if the contact was oral, vaginal or anal. The danger is still there.
Many people are interested in the question of whether human papillomavirus is transmitted from woman to man. The disease is most often diagnosed in men and a large number of women are able to become carriers of the disease. In this case, the location of the bacteria is the genitals, or mucous membranes of the oral cavity, where the genital warts have appeared. In this case, there is a 100% risk of infection.
During anal intercourse, papillomas form on the anus. Especially if there is any damage or injury. If your partner has genital warts, even a condom does not provide full protection.
Contributing factors to the disease are:
- early onset of sexual activity;
- frequent exchanges of cohabitants;
- condylomas or sexual warts.
Oral sex is the most common method of infection in 16 and 18 types of papillomas. In this case, the virus enters the human body with various wounds or other damage to the mucous membranes of the mouth. Multiply in the mouth, where there is no suitable treatment, there is a high risk of getting throat cancer. To avoid such consequences, you must use a condom.
If the location of the virus is human skin, then a condom will not help here. Papilloma is transmitted from direct contact with human skin, where the condyloma and warts are located.
By Home
In this case, the infection manifests itself as follows:
- Use the same towel, soap and other personal hygiene products with a person with warts on their hands. Pathology occurs if the body is injured and worn out.
- Using single toothbrushes or utensils leads to infection in the patient's saliva.
- The clothing of an infected person can also become a hotbed for the development of the virus and infect a healthy person.
- Self-infection with shaving, seizures and other methods. The disease develops if the wart is damaged by a razor or other object, which previously did not pose any danger. In case of damage, this growth causes the development of tumors, which can create a significant risk to human health.
Infection in public places by contact with infected people
Medical practice has reported cases of the virus being transmitted through blood transfusions, procedures to remove genital warts, doctors accidentally spreading the focus of infection around the body and poor sterilization of manicure tools in the living room.
Transmission of the virus from mother to child
Papilloma in humans is not a hereditary disease, although there is a risk of transmission from mother to child. When you have a baby, the risk of contracting the virus is minimal, but still, if the placenta is damaged or other changes occur, the papilloma can spread to the unborn baby.
The virus enters the placenta where the fetus has not yet developed bronchitis and alveoli. In this case, the child develops papillomatosis of the respiratory tract. If he has respiratory problems after the birth of the baby, an examination is performed and after that medication or surgery can be prescribed. The latter option is used much more often, as it has a greater chance of cure.
Therefore, when you are planning your pregnancy, it is necessary to pass all the necessary tests to rule out the risk of getting papilloma.
It is very likely that the baby will be infected with the virus as it passes through the birth canal. The result is the appearance of genital warts in the mouth and larynx in the child, which leads to various respiratory disorders and reduces immunity.
If papillomas are diagnosed in a woman's genitalia before birth, then the birth is done in a prepared way to reduce the risk of the baby becoming infected.
Another way to infect a mother is through breastfeeding. In this case, the child develops papillomatosis of the respiratory tract, which is subject to immediate treatment.
Characteristics of the virus in men and women
In women, the virus spreads through the cervix, rectum or mouth. If sex is changed frequently, the risk of infection increases to a maximum. The consequences of the disease can be infertility, cancer and many other ailments.
Male papilloma virus is most commonly found on the scrotum, genitalia, anus or in the mouth. In men, the disease can progress without symptoms, only after severe stress or a decrease in immunity can the development of papillomavirus occur.
A dangerous moment of HPV in men is the development of male genital cancer or anus.
To prevent the virus from entering the human body, it is necessary to follow the rules of hygiene, as well as living a healthy lifestyle and being faithful to one sexual partner.